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- CHAPTER 1
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT
-
-
-
-
- Program: Brian Nelson
- Language: Macro-11
- Documentation: Brian Nelson
- Version: 3.60
- Date: May 25, 1989
-
- Systems Supported: RSTS/E, RSX-11M/M+, P/OS, Micro-RSX, RT-11 and TSX+
-
- Kermit-11 Capabilities At A Glance:
-
- Local operation: Yes
- Remote operation: Yes
- Transfer text files: Yes
- Transfer binary files: Yes
- Wildcard send: Yes
- File transfer interruption: Yes
- Filename collision avoidance: Yes
- Can time out: Yes
- 8th-bit prefixing: Yes
- Repeat count prefixing: Yes
- Alternate block checks: Yes
- LONG Packet protocol support Yes
- Sliding Windows protocol support No
- Terminal emulation: Yes
- Communication settings: Yes
- Transmit BREAK: Yes (depends on system)
- IBM mainframe communication: Yes
- Transaction logging: Yes
- Session logging: Yes
- Debug logging: Yes
- Packet logging: Yes
- Act as server: Yes
- Talk to server: Yes
- Advanced server functions: Yes
- Local file management: Yes
- Command/Init files: Yes
- File attributes packets: Yes
- Command macros: No
- Raw file transmit: Yes
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-2
-
-
-
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-3
- File systems on the PDP-11
-
-
- File specifications.
-
- The general format of a file name is:
-
- NODE::DEVICE:[DIRECTORY]NAME.TYPE;VERSION
-
- 'Node' refers to the DECNET node name, for example, FUBAR::, if
- applicable. 'Device', if present, refers to the physical device or
- logical name where the file resides.
-
- For RSTS/E, 'device' can be a physical device, such as DB0: or DU1:,
- or it can be a user or system logical name which may include both a
- physical device name and a directory name. If the device name is a
- logical name, is it composed of 1 to 9 alphanumeric characters,
- including '$', as in DISK$ONE:, LB: and so on. For instance, the DCL
- system command
-
- $ ASS/SYS DB1:[200,210] SRC$DIR
-
- would associate both the device DB1: and directory [200,210] with
- SRC$DIR:. Explicitly given directories override directory names
- imbedded in a logical name. Names longer than nine characters are
- truncated by the executive.
-
- In the case of RSX-11M/M+ and RT-11, the device name can be either a
- physical name, such as DU0:, or a logical name which will translate to
- a physical device name, such as LB:.
-
- On RSTS/E and RSX-11M/M+, the [directory] is a UIC (user
- identification code) or PPN (project,programmer) number of the format
- [NNN,MMM]. All users are assigned a UIC (or PPN) when accounts are
- created, this is the number you give to LOGIN to log into the system.
- It is also your default UIC (or PPN). Micro-Rsx and P/OS may have
- directories in either UIC format or named directory format, such as
- [1,2] or [KERMIT]. For P/OS, the default directory is [USERFILES].
- Directories are not used for RT-11.
-
- The NAME field is the primary identifier for the file. The name can
- be one to nine characters for RSX-11M/M+ and P/OS, and one to six
- characters for RSTS/E, RT-11 and TSX+. The TYPE field is usually used
- to group files according to some convention. For example, XXX.FTN
- refers to a Fortran-77 source file, FOO.C to a 'C' source file, and
- K11POS.TSK refers to a task image.
-
- The version field is applicable ONLY to RSX type systems. The default
- version is always the highest version number.
-
- All systems mentioned support some sort of filename wildcarding, the
- flexibility of which varies by executive. All support the use of '*'
- to represent either a fully wildcarded NAME or TYPE. RSTS/E supports
- the use of '?' to match any single character, whereas the others use a
- '%' to match any single character. The RSTS/E Kermit server will
- translate '%' to '?' internally for the GET and REMOTE DIR commands
- (see chapter on the SERVER).
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-4
- File systems on the PDP-11
-
-
- Examples of wildcarded filenames:
-
- *.B2S match any file with a TYPE of B2S
- K11%%%.MAC match any file starting with K11, followed by
- one to three characters, with a TYPE of MAC
- K11???.MAC Same as above, but for RSTS/E only.
- XYZ.*;* All versions of files with a NAME of XYZ with
- any TYPE (RSX-11M/M+ and P/OS only).
-
- File formats (binary and text)
-
- RT-11 and TSX+
-
- RT-11 treats all files as a contiguous stream of characters. There is
- no information stored in the directory to tell the system (or program)
- that a file is readable text (source program, runoff document,...) or
- consists of binary data (executable program, object file, .SYS
- file,...). An application program like Kermit-11 needs to know what
- type of file to expect, thus the presence of the SET FILE TYPE command
- (discussed later). The only real convention is that text files are
- streams of seven bit data with each record terminated by a carriage
- return/line feed character sequence and that binary files normally
- follow a filename TYPE convention. The TYPE (.SAV, .SYS, ...) is what
- Kermit-11 will look at to decide if a file should be sent as a text or
- binary file.
-
- RSTS/E, P/OS and RSX-11M/M+
-
- These systems can provide for a large number of file attributes for
- each file by using either FCS11 (RSX-11M/M+) or RMS11 (all). Text
- files are normally considered to be either STREAM format (FB$STM) or
- VARIABLE with implied carriage control (FB$VAR and FB$CR). RSTS/E has
- historically defaulted to STREAM, whereas the RSX based systems use
- VARIABLE. Kermit-11 follows those defaults when creating files unless
- told to do so otherwise by the presence of attribute data. The
- conversion of the internal data representation to one that can be
- transmitted to another Kermit is transparent for these types of files.
- Both the file attributes and the filename TYPE are examined by
- Kermit-11 to determine if a file needs to be sent as a text file
- (default) or a binary file. Additionally, on RSTS/E Kermit checks the
- file protection code, as one of the bits in it is used to flag an
- executable file (bit 6).
-
- In all cases, unless (at this time) Kermit-11 is talking to another
- Kermit-11, or if Kermit-11 can't tell if a file is consists of binary
- data, the command SET FILE TYPE FIXED must be used to force Kermit to
- either send or get a non-text file correctly. When Kermit-11 is
- running in binary mode, all data is read from (or written to) the file
- without any translation or internal record control information. Any
- attribute information in the file's directory entry is ignored and the
- data read (or written) in 512 byte unformatted blocks. Thus it is
- indeed possible to transfer files like task images and object
- libraries. Since Kermit-11 supports a subset of a protocol feature
- called 'attributes', two Kermit-11's connected together can also
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-5
- File systems on the PDP-11
-
-
- correctly transfer files other than simple text and unformatted binary
- files, such as RMS indexed or relative files.
-
- Saving files on the PDP-11 from your microcomputer
-
- You can send textual files to Kermit-11 without any special
- considerations as Kermit-11 defaults to creating normal text files.
- However, if you are sending a binary file (perhaps an EXE) from say,
- your Rainbow under MSDOS, you would need to tell Kermit-11 to expect
- binary data. This is done with the Kermit-11 command SET FILE TYPE
- FIXED. This will force Kermit-11 to write the data out exactly as it
- comes, in 512 byte unformatted records. Sending the same file back to
- the Rainbow would not require any special action since the file, as it
- sits on the PDP-11, has the proper information in the directory entry
- to tell Kermit-11 that the file is binary. As a note, for RT-11 you
- would need to use a filetype that is normally considered 'binary' like
- SAV or OBJ (see above notes for RT-11).
-
- Never try to do a wildcarded send with mixed binary and text files
- with the file type set to FIXED. The result could be unusable as not
- all systems store text data in the same internal format. For example,
- if Kermit-11 is forced into binary mode (via SET FIL TYP FIX) and is
- requested to send a file with implied carriage control (normal for RSX
- text files), it will actually send, for each line, two bytes
- representing the record length, followed by the data and then followed
- by a ascii NUL to pad the record to an even length. That is not
- incorrect, rather, it is EXACTLY how the data was stored on disk.
-
- In general, avoid sending anything other than unformatted binary files
- and text file to unlike systems. For example, requesting a RMS
- indexed file from the PDP-11 to be sent to a PC would case Kermit-11
- to send it as a binary file, but the file attributes would be lost.
- Sending such a file back to the PDP-11 would result in an unusable
- file unless you could reconstruct the attribute information.
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-6
- Program Operation
-
-
- Kermit-11's prompt is normally "Kermit-11>". This can be changed if
- need be via the SET PROMPT command. Invoking Kermit-11 is very site
- dependent.
-
- RSTS/E
-
- If Kermit-11 has a ccl definition, it would likely be invoked as "KER"
- or "KERMIT". If not, try "RUN $KERMIT", as this is a likely place
- where Kermit-11 may have been put. Otherwise consult your local
- support staff.
-
- RSX-11M/M+
-
- If Kermit-11 has been installed, it most likely will have a task name
- of ...KER which means that type "KER" should get things running. If
- not, consult your local support staff.
-
- RT-11/TSX+
-
- On version 5 of RT-11, programs can be run simply by typing the
- filename. Thus, if there is a file SY:KERMIT.SAV, simply type
- "KERMIT". If this fails, contact your local support staff for
- assistance.
-
- P/OS
-
- Kermit-11 is generally run from DCL on P/OS. The program is invoked
- via the DCL RUN command, as in RUN K11POS or RUN KERMIT, depending on
- what the task image name is.
-
-
- Note that for the case where Kermit is installed (for RSTS/E and
- RSX-11M/M+) that Kermit-11 can get command line arguments, as in:
-
- $ KER SERV Kermit starts as a server.
- > KER send fubar.txt Kermit sends the file.
-
- Otherwise, the program is run interactively from the Kermit-11>
- prompt.
-
- $ KERMIT
- Kermit-11 V2.33
- Kermit-11>SET BLO 3 Changes checksum type.
- Kermit-11>SER Enter Kermit server.
-
- Note that whenever Kermit-11 starts up, it will always try to find a
- file called KERMIT.INI in your current directory. This file can
- contain any valid Kermit command, though the usual use of this is to
- place various Kermit-11 SET commands in it. If this file does NOT
- exist, it will try to find it in LB:[1,2]KERMIT.INI (excluding RT-11).
- In addition to the .INI file, commands may be placed in a file and
- then executed via the Kermit-11 TAKE (or @) command.
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-7
- Local and Remote operation
-
-
- Kermit-11 by default assumes that all file transfers will occur over
- the terminal line that you are currently logged in on (TI:, TT:, KB:).
- This is known as REMOTE mode (the PDP-11 is the remote system). This
- would be the desired case if you are running Kermit on a microcomputer
- such as a Rainbow and are currently logged into the PDP-11 through the
- micro. However, if you wanted to dial out, say by an autodial modem,
- from the PDP-11 to another system, you need to tell Kermit-11 to use
- some other terminal line. This would be called LOCAL mode (the PDP-11
- is the local system). The line can be altered with the SET LINE
- command (see section on SET and CONNECT). A SET LINE command is done
- implicitly if Kermit-11 finds itself running on a PRO/350, under
- either P/OS, RT-11 or TSX+.
-
- Since support of parity varies by both interface type (DL11 vs DZ11)
- and by operating system, Kermit-11 makes NO attempt to find out what
- the current parity of it's line is. Kermit-11 generates it's own
- parity which is set with the SET PARITY command.
-
- There are a couple of things to point out regarding Kermit-11 and
- LOCAL mode (you did a SET LINE command).
-
- The system manager may have lines other than your own protected
- (or owned by the system). On RSTS/E lines are often made
- unaccessible unless your account possesses the needed
- privilege(s). On RSX-11M/M+, privilege is required to alter
- settings on any other terminal line. You may have to talk to
- your system manager to get access to an outgoing terminal line.
-
- Once connected to a modem through another line, a means must
- exist for the connection to be broken (if the host you are
- calling won't do it). Given that your line has full or partial
- modem control (DZV11, DZ11, DH11, DHU/V11) the RSX, RT-11/TSX+
- and RSTS/E Kermits have a HANGUP (or DISCONNECT) command, which
- instructs the system to disconnect the modem. Unless this is
- done, you never get disconnected and could run up a tidy phone
- bill.
-
-
- Kermit-11 has, as of v3.53, a rudimentary command line editor. You
- can recall previous commands with the UP-Arrow key, and exit the
- command with the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys. The RUBOUT key, of
- course, deletes characters, while the control R key retypes the line.
- Control E moves to the end of the line and control H moves to the
- start of the line.
-
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-8
- Kermit-11 commands
-
-
- Kermit-11 has the following commands available:
-
-
- @ Synonym for TAKE
- BYE Logout a remote server
- CONNECT Connect to a remote system
- COPY Local copy of a file(s)
- CWD Set new working directory
- DELETE Local delete of a file(s)
- DIAL Have a connected modem dial a number
- DIRECT Local directory display
- DISCONNECT Hangup a remote line
- DISPLAY Internal debugging
- ERASE Local delete of a file(s)
- EXIT Exit to system
- FINISH Stop a remote server without logging out
- GET Get a file(s) from a remote server
- HANGUP Hangup a remote line
- HOST Execute system command locally (where applicable)
- LOCAL Force interpretation of command to the local system
- LOGFILE Create a log file
- QUIT Same as EXIT
- PRINT Print a file locally (where applicable)
- RECEIVE Receive a file(s) from a remote kermit
- REMOTE Prefix for file management commands to a server
- RENAME Local rename of filename(s)
- SEND Send a file(s) to a remote Kermit
- SERVER start a Kermit server
- SET Change Kermit parameters
- SHOW Display Kermit parameters
- TAKE Execute indirect command file
- TYPE Local display of file on terminal
- WHO Local display of logged in users (RSTS/E only)
-
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-9
- Commands for file transfer
-
-
- The SEND Command
-
- Sending a file or files:
-
- SEND filespec
-
- The SEND command causes a file or file group to be sent from the
- PDP-11 to the other system. If filespec contains wildcard characters
- then all matching files will be sent, in alphabetical order (according
- to the ASCII collating sequence) by name. If filespec does not
- contain any wildcard characters, then the single file specified by
- filespec will be sent.
-
-
- SEND Command General Operation:
-
- Files will be sent with their PDP-11 file name and type (for instance
- FOO.BAR). Each file will be sent according to the record type and
- attributes recorded in its file descriptor. Kermit-11 attempts to
- translate all formats of text file to a format usable on any system.
- Note that there is no need to set the FILE TYPE parameter for sending
- files, since Kermit-11 always uses the information from the file
- directory entry and the filetype (extension) to determine how to send
- the file.
-
- If communication line parity is being used (see SET PARITY), Kermit-11
- will request that the other Kermit use a special kind of prefix
- notation for binary files. This is an advanced feature, and not all
- Kermits have it; if the other Kermit does not agree to use this
- feature, binary files cannot be sent correctly. This includes
- executable programs (like .EXE files, CP/M .COM files), relocatable
- object modules (.OBJ files), as well as any text file containing
- characters with the eighth bit on.
-
- Kermit-11 will also ask the other Kermit whether it can handle a
- special prefix encoding for repeated characters. If it can, then
- files with long strings of repeated characters will be transmitted
- very efficiently. Columnar data, highly indented text, and binary
- files are the major beneficiaries of this technique.
-
- If you're running Kermit-11 locally, for instance dialing out from a
- PDP-11 to another system using an autodialer, you should have already
- run Kermit on the remote system and issued either a RECEIVE or a
- SERVER command. Once you give Kermit-11 the SEND command, the name of
- each file will be displayed on your screen as the transfer begins. As
- the transfer continues, you will get a small display of the packet
- count along with the number of packets rejected. See the SET TERMINAL
- and SET UPDATE commands for more information. You may also type
- Control-X or Control-Z to interrupt the current file or file group.
- Control-E will also abort the transfer by sending an 'error' packet to
- the other Kermit.
-
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-10
- Commands for file transfer
-
-
- The RECEIVE command
-
- Syntax: RECEIVE [filespec]
-
- The RECEIVE command tells Kermit-11 to receive a file or file group
- from the other system. The name is taken from the incoming file
- header.
-
- If an incoming file has the same name as an existing file, Kermit-11
- will by default create a new file. On RT-11 and RSTS/E, the old file
- will be deleted by the executive. On RSX-11M/M+ and P/OS, a new file
- with a higher version number will be created. To avoid files being
- superceded, see the SET FILE [NO]SUPERCEDE command.
-
- Incoming files will all be stored with the prevailing file type, ASCII
- by default, which is appropriate for text files. If you are asking
- Kermit-11 to receive binary files from a microcomputer or other 8-bit
- system, you must first type SET FILE TYPE FIXED. Otherwise, an error
- may occur when receiving the file. Please note that this does NOT
- apply to two Kermit-11 programs connected to each other. In that case
- the sending Kermit-11 will tell the receiving Kermit-11 to switch to
- binary mode if need be.
-
- If parity is being used on the communications line, then 8th-bit
- prefixing will be requested. If the other side cannot do this, binary
- files cannot be transferred correctly.
-
- If you are running Kermit-11 locally, you should already have issued a
- SEND command to the remote Kermit, and then escaped back to Kermit-11.
- As files arrive, their names will be displayed on your screen.
-
- If a file arrives that you don't really want, you can attempt to
- cancel it by typing Control-X; this sends a cancellation request to
- the remote Kermit. If the remote Kermit understands this request (not
- all implementations of Kermit support this feature), it will comply;
- otherwise it will continue to send. If a file group is being sent,
- you can request the entire group be cancelled by typing Control-Z.
-
- Normally, one runs the remote Kermit as a SERVER, thus the RECEIVE
- command is never used, rather, the GET command, described next, is
- used.
-
- The GET command
-
- Syntax: GET [remote-filespec]
-
- The GET command requests a remote Kermit server to send the file or
- file group specified by remote-filespec. This command can be used
- only when Kermit-11 is local, with a Kermit server on the other end of
- the line specified by SET LINE. This means that you must have
- CONNECTed to the other system, logged in, run Kermit there, issued the
- SERVER command, and escaped back to the PDP-11.
-
- The remote filespec is any string that can be a legal file
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-11
- Commands for file transfer
-
-
- specification for the remote system; it is not parsed or validated
- locally. Any leading spaces before the remote filespec are stripped,
- and lower case characters are raised to upper case.
-
- As files arrive, their names will be displayed on your screen. As in
- the RECEIVE command, ^X to request that the current incoming file be
- cancelled, ^Z to request that the entire incoming batch be cancelled.
-
- If the remote Kermit is not capable of server functions, then you will
- probably get an error message back from it like "Illegal packet type".
- In this case, you must connect to the other Kermit, give a SEND
- command, escape back, and give a RECEIVE command.
-
- Server operation
-
- The SERVER command puts a remote Kermit-11 in "server mode", so that
- it receives all further commands in packets from the local Kermit.
- The Kermit-11 server is capable (as of this writing) of executing the
- following remote server commands: SEND, GET, FINISH, BYE, REMOTE
- DIRECTORY, REMOTE CWD, REMOTE SPACE, REMOTE DELETE, REMOTE TYPE,
- REMOTE HELP, REMOTE COPY, REMOTE RENAME, REMOTE WHO, REMOTE LOGIN and
- REMOTE HOST.
-
- Any nonstandard parameters should be selected with SET commands before
- putting Kermit-11 into server mode, in particular the file type. The
- Kermit-11 server can send all files in the correct manner
- automatically. As noted before, if a Kermit-11 is talking to another
- Kermit-11, they will negotiate any 'binary' parameters automatically.
- However, if this is NOT the case and you need to ask Kermit-11 to
- receive binary files you must issue the SET FILE TYPE FIX command
- before putting it into server mode, and then you must only send binary
- files. You cannot send a mixture of text files and 8-bit binary files
- to a Kermit-11 server unless the files are not for use on the PDP-11.
-
- Command for Servers
-
- When running in local mode, Kermit-11 allows you to give a wide range
- of commands to a remote Kermit server, with no guarantee the that the
- remote server can process them, since they are all optional features
- of the protocol. Commands for servers include the standard SEND, GET,
- BYE, FINISH commands, as well as the REMOTE command.
-
-
- The BYE command
-
- The BYE command tells a remote server to log out of the remote system.
- In addition, some remote systems will also disconnect the line for
- you. If this is not the case, the DISCONNECT command will (depending
- on your interface) cause the line to be dropped. See DISCONNECT.
-
- The FINISH command
-
- The FINISH command tells the remote Kermit server to exit without
- logging out of the remote system. You can then CONNECT back to the
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-12
- Server operation
-
-
- system.
-
- REMOTE command
-
- Send the specified command to the remote server. If the server does
- not understand the command (all of these commands are optional
- features of the Kermit protocol), it will reply with a message like
- "Unknown Kermit server command". If does understand, it will send the
- results back, and they will be displayed on the screen. The REMOTE
- commands are:
-
- REMOTE COPY filespec newfilespec
-
- Copy file. The server is asked to make a copy of the specified
- file. Both filespecs must be in the correct format for the
- remote system. Kermit-11 does not parse or validate the file
- specifications. Any leading spaces will be stripped and lower
- case characters converted to upper case. Note that this command
- simply provides for copying a file within the server's system -
- it does not cause a file to be transferred.
-
- REMOTE CWD directory
-
- Change Working Directory. If no directory name is provided, the
- server will change to the default or home directory. Kermit-11
- currently does not ask for a password.
-
- REMOTE DELETE filespec
-
- Delete the specified file or files. The names of the files that
- are deleted will appear on your screen.
-
- REMOTE DIRECTORY [filespec]
-
- The names of the files that match the given file specification
- will be displayed on your screen, perhaps along with size and
- date information for each file. If no file specification is
- given, all files from the current directory will be listed.
-
- REMOTE HELP
-
- The remote server will send back a list of server commands that
- it can execute.
-
- REMOTE HOST command
-
- Pass the given command to the server's host command processor,
- and display the resulting output on your screen. Not all Kermit
- servers can do this function. In the case of Kermit-11, only the
- RSTS/E Kermit-11 server can execute the REMOTE HOST command.
-
- REMOTE LOGIN user password
-
- Ask a remote server to log into a different account or username.
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-13
- Server operation
-
-
- The support for this command is rarely implemented as many
- systems layer login/logout support over the executive. A
- Kermit-11 server can only support this on RSTS/E, and at that
- only for version 9.0 or later. Of the various DEC PDP-11
- operating systems, only RSTS/E has the support for logging in and
- out built into the executive and accessible with directives.
-
- REMOTE RENAME oldfile newfile
-
- Change the name on the specified file (or files). Both file
- specifications must be valid for the server's system.
-
- REMOTE SPACE
-
- Display information about disk usage in the current directory.
-
- REMOTE TYPE filespec
-
- Display the contents of the specified file on your screen.
-
- REMOTE WHO
-
- Display current status of user's logged in.
-
-
-
- Commands for Local File Management
-
- These commands provide some local file management capability without
- having to leave the Kermit-11 program. These commands are very
- similar to the REMOTE commands in function and syntax. They are all
- executed locally, and are available when Kermit-11 is either local or
- remote. The arguments to these commands are the same as the arguments
- expected from the user Kermit when Kermit-11 is processing a command
- in server mode. Additionally, these commands can be prefixed by the
- LOCAL keyword.
-
- COPY filespec newfilespec
- CWD directory
- DELETE filespec
- DIRECTORY [filespec]
- HELP
- HOST command
- RENAME oldfile newfile
- SPACE
- TYPE filespec
- WHO
-
-
-
- Connect
-
- The CONNECT command will allow you to connect in as a virtual terminal
- over the line that was specified by the set line command. (Using the
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-14
- The Connect command
-
-
- CONNECT command before using the SET LINE command will result in an
- error message) The terminal line must be one which is accessible to
- the user. The format of the CONNECT command is:
-
- Kermit-11>CONNECT
-
- The distributed RSX-11M/M+ task has been built with the /PR:0 switch
- to enable the task to change other terminal settings. Additionally,
- for RSX-11M/M+, the MCR command SET /SLAVE=TTnn: should be done
- before entering Kermit-11.
-
- If you are running K11POS.TSK on a PRO/350, Kermit will set the line
- to XK0: and the speed to 9600 by default.
-
- Please note that Kermit-11 CAN NOT change the speed of a DL11 type
- interface, nor can it change the speed of a PDT-150 modem port (use
- SPEED.SAV).
-
- The following is an example of using a Racal-Vadic VA212 autodialing
- modem to log into a remote TOPS-20 system. There is one point at
- which there is no echoing of the user input, this is following the
- typing of the local 'escape sequence', which by default is control \
- followed by a 'c'. The control backslash informs the terminal
- emulator that the next character is a command. In this case, the
- command was 'C', which means to return to the local PDP-11 system.
- Control \ ? would print a help message. All the commands prior to
- the DIAL command were contained in the INI file, KERMIT.INI.
-
-
- $ kermit
- Kermit-11 V3.46 Last edit: 21-Feb-1986
- Kermit-11>SET MODEM VADIC
- Kermit-11>SET PHO NUM CU 9K12121234567
- Kermit-11>SET LOGFILE 20.LOG
- Kermit-11>SET DEB CONSOLE
- Kermit-11>SET LIN TT58:
- Link: TT58: Speed: 9600, DTR not present
- Kermit-11>SET DTR
- Kermit-11>SET SPE 1200
- Kermit-11>DIAL CU
- Using: 9K12121234567
- Connection established, type CONNECT to access remote
- Kermit-11>CON
-
- enter class 4
- class 004 start
-
- CU20B
- @log xx.abcdef
- CU20B, TOPS-20 Monitor 5.1(5101)-2
- Job 28, TTY32, 2-Apr-84 4:15:24PM
- Previous login was 2-Apr-84 4:10:16PM
- .
- .
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-15
- The Connect command
-
-
- .
- .
- @log
- [Confirm]
- Logged out Job 28, User XX.ABCDEF , TTY 32,
- at 2-Apr-84 16:19:34, Used 0:00:11 in 0:04:10
-
- Kermit-11>disc
- KERMIT link TT58: disconnected
- Kermit-11>exit
-
- $ logout
-
-
-
-
-
- SET
-
- The SET command is used to set various parameters in kermit. The
- format of the SET command is:
-
- Kermit-11>SET parameter keyword
-
-
- SET ATTRIBUTES
-
- Part of the Kermit protocol is the support of file attributes.
- Connected Kermits that support this can send information to each other
- about file size, time/date of creation, RMS file headers and other
- useful things. Due to potential problems with incompatible
- implementations this feature can be disabled. In this case, the
- sending Kermit-11 will never try to send file attributes, even though
- the receiver may have indicated that it supports this.
-
- Kermit-11>SET ATTRIBUTES OFF
- Kermit-11>SET ATTRIBUTES ON
-
-
- SET BAUD
-
- This is the same as SET SPEED. See HELP SET SPEED
-
- SET BINARY-TYPE
-
- Kermit-11 has a default list of filetypes that are scanned to decide
- if a file should be sent in binary mode in addition to checking file
- attributes for RSX, P/OS and RSTS/E. The user can, however, override
- this list with the this command. The default list is fairly
- inclusive, with types such as .SAV and .TSK forcing Kermit-11 into
- binary transmission. See HELP SET FIL for the default list.
-
- Kermit-11> SET BINARY-TYPE .SAV
- Kermit-11> SET BIN .EXE
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-16
- The SET COMMAND
-
-
-
-
- SET BLOCK-CHECK
-
- The SET BLOCKCHECK command is used to determine the block check
- sequence which will be used during transmission. The block check
- sequence is used to detect transmission errors. There are three types
- of block check available. These are the single character checksum
- (default), the two character checksum, and the three character CRC
- (cyclic redundancy check). This command does not ensure that the
- desired type of block check will be used, since both Kermit's involved
- in the transfer must agree on the block check type. Kermit-11 will
- request that the type of block check set by this command be used for a
- transfer. If the other Kermit has also had the same block check type
- requested, then the desired block check type will be used. Otherwise,
- the single character checksum will be used. The command should be
- given to BOTH Kermits since Kermit-11, when in server mode, has no say
- about what kind of checksum it wants to use. (See Kermit protocol
- manual for more information.)
-
- Kermit-11>SET BLOCK_CHECK keyword
- Kermit-11>SET BLO 1
- Kermit-11>SET BLO 2
- Kermit-11>SET BLO 3
-
- Where keyword is one of:
-
- 1_CHARACTER_CHECKSUM or ONE_CHARACTER_CHECKSUM
-
- 2_CHARACTER_CHECKSUM or TWO_CHARACTER_CHECKSUM
-
- 3_CHARACTER_CRC_CCITT or THREE_CHARACTER_CRC_CCITT
-
-
- SET CONSOLE
-
- The SET CONSOLE command is used under P/OS to control the passing of 8
- bit data to th terminal during the connect command. If you are
- getting multinational characters being printed, this is a very useful
- thing to set. The default is SET CON 7.
-
- Kermit-11>SET CON 8
- Kermit-11>SET CON 7
-
-
- SET DEBUG
-
- The SET DEBUG command is used to specify the type and level of
- debugging to a disk file . This disk file must have been created by
- the SET LOGFILE command. The format for SET DEBUG is:
-
- Kermit-11>SET DEBUG qualifier
-
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-17
- The SET COMMAND
-
-
- SET DEBUG ALL
-
- SET DEBUG ALL will turn on logging for CONSOLE,CONNECT,FILE,PACKET and
- STATE to the disk file specified by SET LOGFILE. This command is the
- same as SET DEBUG ON. The command format is:
-
- Kermit-11>SET DEBUG ALL
-
-
- SET DEBUG CONSOLE
-
- SET DEBUG CONSOLE will turn on logging for all i/o during a remote
- connect to the disk file specified by SET LOGFILE. This command is
- the same as SET DEBUG CONNECT. The command format is:
-
- Kermit-11>SET DEBUG CONSOLE
-
-
- SET DEBUG CONNECT
-
- SET DEBUG CONNECT will turn on logging for all i/o during a remote
- connect to the disk file specified by SET LOGFILE. This command is
- the same as SET DEBUG CONSOLE. The command format is:
-
- Kermit-11>SET DEBUG CONNECT
-
-
- SET DEBUG FILE
-
- SET DEBUG FILE will log all file 'opens' and 'creates' to the file
- specified by SET LOGFILE. The command format is:
-
- Kermit-11>SET DEBUG FILE
-
-
- SET DEBUG HELP
-
- SET DEBUG HELP gives the user a list of all qualifiers which can be
- used with SET DEBUG. Command format is:
-
- Kermit-11>SET DEBUG HELP
-
-
- SET DEBUG NONE
-
- SET DEBUG NONE 'turns off' all debugging. This is the same as the SET
- DEBUG OFF command. Command format is:
-
- Kermit-11>SET DEBUG NONE
-
-
- SET DEBUG OFF
-
- SET DEBUG OFF 'turns off' all debugging. This is the same as the SET
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-18
- The SET COMMAND
-
-
- DEBUG NONE command. Command format is:
-
- Kermit-11>SET DEBUG OFF
-
-
- SET DEBUG ON
-
- SET DEBUG ON will'turn on' logging for CONSOLE,CONNECT,FILE,PACKET and
- STATE to the disk file specified by SET LOGFILE. This command is the
- same as SET DEBUG ALL. The command format is:
-
- Kermit-11>SET DEBUG ON
-
-
- SET DEBUG PACKET
-
- SET DEBUG PACKET will 'turn on' logging of all receive and transmit
- packets to the disk file specified by SET LOGFILE. The command format
- is:
-
- Kermit-11>SET DEBUG PACKET
-
-
- SET DEBUG STATE
-
- SET DEBUG STATE will turn on logging of all internal Kermit-11 state
- transitions
-
- SET DELAY
-
- The DELAY parameter is the number of seconds to wait before sending
- data after a SEND command is given. This is used when Kermit-11 is
- running in remote mode to allow the user time to escape back to the
- other Kermit and give a RECEIVE command.
-
- Kermit-11>SET DELAY number-of-seconds
-
- Where number of seconds is the (decimal) number of second to wait
- before sending data.
-
- SET DEFAULT
-
- The DEFAULT parameter allows you to specify a device and UIC (or PPN)
- for all subsequent file opens (for SENDING) and file creates (for
- RECEIVING). It is disabled by typing SET HOME.
-
- Kermit-11>SET DEFAULT device
- Kermit-11>SET DEFAULT DB2:[200,201]
-
- This is quite useful for Kermit-11 running on a DECNET link, as you
- can set the default for file operations to include node names and
- passwords as in:
-
- Kermit-11>set def orion::sys$system:[fubar]
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-19
- The SET COMMAND
-
-
-
-
- SET DIAL
-
- Kermit-11 has knowledge built in to it of a number of the more common
- 'smart' autodial modems. To find out if your modem is directly
- supported try the command SET MODEM ?. If your modem is not in this
- list then you need the SET DIAL command to generate the data base used
- by Kermit to control the modem. Kermit uses this information to
- implement the DIAL command. A command such as DIAL can only be done
- when Kermit knows both how to format commands to the modem, and what
- kind of text the modem will send back to it in response. As an
- example, the VADIC VA212PA modem is awakened from an idle state by the
- character sequence (in octal)
-
- 05 015
-
- which is a Control E followed by a carriage return. In response to
- this two character string, the modem responds with:
-
- HELLO: I'M READY
- *
-
- Thus Kermit has to know that when it sends the wakeup sequence it
- needs to wait for the asterisk to be sent back by the modem. At this
- point Kermit will know that the modem is in a state awaiting further
- commands, such as that to dial a phone number.
-
- It is not possible for Kermit to have knowledge of all makes of
- modems. Instead Kermit supports a command called:
-
- Kermit-11>SET MODEM USER_DEFINED
-
- which then allows you to use the SET DIAL command to inform Kermit how
- the modem works. Once Kermit knows how to control the modem, you can
- use the DIAL command to initiate a call from Kermit.
-
- The SET DIAL commands are:
-
- SET DIAL WAKEUP define the wakeup string
- SET DIAL PROMPT define the prompt the modem uses
- SET DIAL INITIATE define a string to start dialing
- SET DIAL CONFIRM define the string to confirm number
- SET DIAL FORMAT define the number formatting string
- SET DIAL SUCCESS define string(s) for call complete
- SET DIAL INFO define string(s) for informative text
- SET DIAL FAILURE define string(s) for call failure
- SET DIAL CONFIRM define string for number confirmation
- SET DIAL WAKE_RATE set pause time between wakeup characters
- SET DIAL DIAL_RATE set pause time between number digits
- SET DIAL DIAL_PAUSE define string for dial tone pause
-
-
- Suppose we had to tell Kermit about the Racal Vadic VA212PA modem
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-20
- The SET COMMAND
-
-
- (though in reality Kermit already knows about that kind). In checking
- the owners manual for it, we find that:
-
- To wake the modem up, we type a control E followed by a carriage
- return.
-
- To dial a number, we type the letter D followed by a carriage
- return. At this point, the modem prints a NUMBER? prompt, we
- then type the desired number in. It reprints the number and then
- waits for a carriage return from us to confirm that its really
- the correct phone number.
-
- When it completes dialing, it will print 'ON LINE' or 'ONLINE'
- for a successful call, otherwise it may display on the terminal
- 'BUSY', 'FAILED CALL', 'NO DIAL', 'VOICE' or 'TIME OUT'. While
- it is waiting for its call to be answered, it may print the line
- 'RINGING' several times in order to tell you that it is working
- on it.
-
-
- The Kermit commands required would be:
-
- Kermit-11>SET MODEM USER_DEFINED
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL WAKEUP \05\015
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL PROMPT *
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL INITIATE D\015
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL FORMAT %P%S\015
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL CONFIRM \015
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL SUCCESS ONLINE
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL SUCCESS ON LINE
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL INFO RINGING
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL FAILURE BUSY
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL FAILURE FAILED CALL
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL FAILURE NO DIAL
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL FAILURE VOICE
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL FAILURE TIME OUT
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL DIAL_PAUSE 9K
- Kermit-11>DIAL 14195551212
-
- The notation "\05\015" indicates the Control E followed by a carriage
- return; 05 is octal for control E, 015 is octal for carriage return.
- An alternate notation for octal numbers can be used by placing the
- value inside of inequality characters, as in SET DIAL WAKE <05><015>
- though the former is preferred.
- The notation "%P%S\015" indicates to Kermit that the phone number from
- the dial command is to be followed by a carriage return; the %S is
- simply a placeholder for the phone number. The presence of the %P is
- to indicate where to insert the dial pause string, in this case we
- need to dial 9 and wait for a second dial tone. The "K" is the Racal
- Vadic code to get the modem to pause. If you are dialing on a direct
- line, the DIAL_PAUSE command is unneeded. If for any reason you need
- to pass a "\" or "<" to your modem, simply prefix the character with
- another "\", as in "\\".
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-21
- The SET COMMAND
-
-
- Many modems require only the WAKEUP, PROMPT, FORMAT and result
- strings. The Digital DF112 is an example of this; it's definition
- would look like:
-
- Kermit-11>SET MODEM USER_DEFINED
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL WAKEUP \02
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL PROMPT READY
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL FORMAT %S#
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL SUCCESS ATTACHED
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL FAILURE BUSY
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL FAILURE DISCONNECTED
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL FAILURE ERROR
- Kermit-11>SET DIAL FAILURE NO ANSWER
-
- Some modems may be unable to accept data at the line speed; in this
- case we would need to use the SET DIAL WAKE_RATE and SET DIAL
- DIAL_RATE. These two commands accept a delay time in milliseconds;
- the actual delay will not be precise as the PDP-11 line clock
- interrupts sixty times per second. Furthermore, on RSTS/E the finest
- granularity for timing is one second; thus setting delays would result
- in delays of one second increments.
-
- In general, not all of the result fields need be specified except for
- the call completed strings; Kermit will time out after a while if it
- can't match a response with any definitions.
-
- Further information can be found in the sections on SET MODEM, DIAL,
- REDIAL and SET PHONE.
-
-
- SET DTR
-
- The SET DTR command is very similar to the DISCONNECT (or HANGUP)
- command. SET DTR, where supported, raises DTR for a predetermined
- amount of time, whereas the DISCONNECT (or HANGUP) command drops DTR.
- The SET DTR is only functional on RSTS/E, which by default keeps DTR
- low until either RING INDICATOR or CARRIER DETECT goes high. This is
- opposite of the behavior on RT11 and RSX11M/M+, both of which normally
- assert DTR. The SET DTR command raises DTR for at least 30 seconds
- (depending on the version of RSTS/E) and is useful for making
- connections to front end switches (such as MICOM and GANDALF). On
- RT11, SET DTR is identical to the HANGUP command; it simply drops DTR
- for two seconds. In this case (RT11 and TSX+) this command is only
- supported on RT11 5.2 and TSX+ 6.0 with the XL/XC and CL drivers,
- respectively. This command is a no-op on RSX11M/M+ and P/OS. For
- further information on modem support, see the later section regarding
- such.
-
-
- SET DUPLEX
-
- The DUPLEX parameter controls whether an outgoing link (set via the
- SET LINE command) is a full duplex link (the default) or a half duplex
- link. All it does for half duplex is to cause all characters typed
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-22
- The SET COMMAND
-
-
- after the CONNECT command to be echoed locally.
-
- Kermit-11>SET DUPLEX HALF
- Kermit-11>SET DUPLEX FULL
-
-
-
- SET END-OF-LINE
-
- The END-OF-LINE parameter sets the ascii character which will be used
- as a line terminator for all packets SENT to the other KERMIT. This
- is normally not needed for most versions of KERMIT.
-
- Kermit-11>SET END-OF-LINE octal value of character
-
-
- SET ESCAPE
-
- This command will set the escape character for the CONNECT processing.
- The command will take the octal value of the character to use as the
- escape character. This is the character which is used to "escape"
- back to Kermit-11 after using the CONNECT command. It defaults to
- control (octal 34). It is usually a good idea to set this character
- to something which is not used (or at least not used very much) on the
- system being to which Kermit-11 is CONNECTing.
-
- Kermit-11>SET ESCAPE octal-character-value
-
- Where octal-character-value is the ASCII value of the character to use
- as the escape character (in octal).
-
- SET FILE
-
- The SET FILE allows you to set various file related parameters.
-
- Kermit-11>SET FIL option
-
-
- SET FILE TYPE ASCII
-
- File type ASCII is for text files. SET FILE TYPE TEXT is the same.
-
- SET FILE TYPE AUTO
-
- Kermit-11 will normally try to decide if a file must be sent in binary
- mode based on the file attributes and filetype. If, for instance, the
- directory entry for FUBAR.TXT showed it to be RMS (or FCS) fixed
- length records, Kermit-11 will switch to binary mode and send it
- verbatim. If the receiving Kermit is Kermit-11, then the sending
- Kermit will send attribute data over also. The following file types
- also will normally be sent as binary files unless you use the SET FILE
- TYPE NOAUTO command.
-
- *.TSK ; rsx, ias, and rsts tasks
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-23
- The SET COMMAND
-
-
- *.SAV ; rt11 and rsts save images
- *.OBJ ; compiler and mac output
- *.STB ; tkband link symbol tables
- *.CRF ; tkb and link cross reference files
- *.TSD ; 'time shared dibol' for rt11
- *.BAC ; rsts basic+ 'compiled' files
- *.OLB ; rsx, ias, and rsts object libraries
- *.MLB ; rsx, ias, and rsts macro libraries
- *.RTS ; rsts/e run time systems
- *.EXE ; vms executable
-
- SET FILE TYPE BINARY
-
- File type BINARY is for non-text files. Note that binary files which
- are generated on a PDP-11 system cannot be transferred to another (non
- PDP-11) system without losing file attributes. This means that (for
- example), an RSM11 indexed file cannot be transmitted with Kermit-11
- at this time. You can not have parity set to anything but NONE to use
- binary file transfer (see HELP SET PARITY) unless the other Kermit can
- process eight bit quoting. Two Kermit-11's connected to each other
- will use binary transmission automatically via the Kermit attribute
- packets, preserving file attributes where it makes sense (ie, RSTS/E
- and RSX only).
-
- SET FILE TYPE DECMULTINATIONAL
-
- PDP-11 Kermit normally strips the high bit of every character on both
- transmission and reception of files (unless the SET FILE TYPE FIXED
- command was given). The SET FIL DEC command will cause Kermit-11 to
- leave all data intact but still obey the host file system when reading
- or writing files. In other words, Kermit will write sequential
- implied carriage control files with eight bit data if this command is
- used.
-
- SET FILE TYPE FIXED
-
- This is the same as SET FIL TYP BIN
-
- SET FILE TYPE NOAUTO
-
- SET FILE NOAUTO disables Kermit-11 from trying to base binary
- transmission mode on file attributes or filetype.
-
- SET FILE SUPERCEDE
-
- SET FILE [NO]SUPERCEDE allows Kermit-11 to accept or reject files
- received (from either the RECEIVE or GET commands) on a per file
- basis. The default is SUPERCEDE. By doing SET FILE NOSUPERCEDE
- Kermit-11 will always check to see if the file to be created is
- already there (independent of version number) and reject it to the
- sending server if it exists. This presumes that the Kermit sending
- the file understands the protocol to reject one file of a (possibly)
- wildcarded group of files.
- The main use of this is to resume getting a group of files, as in GET
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-24
- The SET COMMAND
-
-
- KER:K11*.* or GET KER:MS????.* having lost the connection after
- transferring some of the files. If this is set, then any files
- already transferred will not be transferred again.
-
- Kermit-11>SET FILE SUPERCEDE
- Kermit-11>SET FILE NOSUPERCEDE
-
-
- SET HOME
-
- SET HOME resets the default device and UIC (or PPN) to nothing, ie,
- all file opens and creates use your default disk (SY:) and your UIC
- (or PPN).
-
- Kermit-11>SET HOME
-
-
- SET IBM-MODE
-
- The SET IBM ON (or OFF) will instruct Kermit-11 to wait for an XON
- following each packet sent to an IBM host. Since the default for IBM
- mode may not always be appropriate for your IBM compatible system, you
- can always use the SET HANDSHAKE XON and SET DUPLEX HALF to avoid the
- parity setting implied by using IBM mode.
-
- Kermit-11>SET IBM ON
- Kermit-11>SET IBM OFF
-
-
- SET LINE
-
- The SET LINE command sets the terminal name up for use with the
- connect command. To use this you must have access to that device. On
- many systems terminal lines other than your own are protected from
- access, and may require special procedures to access them.
- The form of the device name is TTnnn:, where 'nnn' is a decimal number
- for RSTS and an octal number for RSX-11M/M+. For RT-11, the device
- name is simply the MT unit number shown by the SHO TER command, as in
- '5' for DZ11 unit 0 line 4. If the system is running RT-11 version 5
- you can do a SET LIN XL:. At worst case, Kermit-11 can use the
- console port on RT-11. For more information see the notes later on
- for RT-11 If you are running K11POS.TSK for P/OS on the PRO/350,
- Kermit-11 will set the line to XK0: and the speed to 9600 baud when
- Kermit starts. To override the line or speed, set HELP SET LINE and
- HELP SET SPEED.
-
- Kermit-11>SET LINE TT55: (for RSTS and RSX-11M/M+)
- Kermit-11>SET LINE 5 (for RT-11 and MT service)
- Kermit-11>SET LINE XK0: (for P/OS, done implicitly)
- Kermit-11>SET LINE XL: (for RT-11 and XL handler)
-
- See HELP CONNECT, HELP SET DUPLEX and HELP SET SPEED for more
- information. Also, for TSX+, see notes regarding TSX later in these
- notes. The RT-11 XL handler has notes later on also.
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-25
- The SET COMMAND
-
-
- SET LOGFILE
-
- The SET LOGFILE command creates a debug dump file for you. It must be
- used BEFORE any SET DEBUG commands can be used. See HELP DEBUG for
- further information about debugging modes.
-
- Kermit-11>SET LOGFILE MYLOG.TXT
- Created debug file MYLOG.TXT
- Kermit-11>
-
-
- SET MODEM
-
- The SET MODEM command defines the type of MODEM use for dialing out on
- the line set with the SET LINE command, or, in the case of the
- PRO/350, the XC or XK port. There are only a few modems defined at
- this time, they are:
-
- VADIC Generic RACAL-VADIC autodial
- VA212PA Stand alone VADIC VA212
- VA212PAR Rack mounted VADIC VA212
- VA4224 Rack mounted VADIC VA4224 .v22bis
- HAYES Hayes smartmodem
- DF100 DEC DF112
- DF200 DEC DF224
- DF03 DEC DF03
- MICROCOM
-
- The DIAL command is then used after the SET MODEM command. For
- example, on a PRO/350 running P/OS:
-
- Kermit-11>set pro PRO>
- PRO>set modem va212pa
- PRO>dial 5374411
- Modem in command modem
- Modem dialing
- Connection made, type CONNECT to access remote
- PRO>con
- Enter class ? VX785A
- Class start
- Username: BRIAN
- Password: ......................
-
- and so on
-
-
- SET PACKET-LENGTH
-
- You can alter the default transmitted packet length with the SET
- PACKET-LENGTH command. This should not normally be needed unless the
- line is very noisy, at which time you should probably give up anyway.
-
- Kermit-11>SET PACKET 60
-
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-26
- The SET COMMAND
-
-
- SET PARITY
-
- This is used with the SET LINE and CONNECT commands to specify the
- type of parity for the remote link. It defaults to NONE and can be
- either ODD, EVEN, MARK or SPACE as in:
-
- Kermit-11>SET PARITY NONE
- Kermit-11>SET PARITY ODD
- Kermit-11>SET PARITY EVEN
- Kermit-11>SET PARITY MARK
- Kermit-11>SET PARITY SPACE
-
- All parity generation is done via software, no special hardware is
- used. The use of software parity generation is restricted to 8 bit
- links only. The character format, if parity is set to anything but
- NONE, will be 7 bits of data followed with high bit set or cleared to
- indicate the parity. If you set parity to anything but NONE (the
- default), Kermit-11 will be forced to request 8bit prefixing from the
- other Kermit-11, which is a method by which Kermit can 'prefix' eight
- bit characters with a shift code. You MUST use parity (even if MARK
- or SPACE) when using Kermit-11 with the IBM CMS Series/1 or 7171 3270
- emulator.
-
- SET PAUSE
-
- PAUSE tells Kermit to wait the specified number of seconds between
- each packet being sent to the other Kermit. This may be useful under
- situations of heavy system load. This may be automatically computer
- by Kermit-11 in a future release as a function of line speed.
-
- Kermit-11>SET PAUSE 1
-
-
- SET PHONE
-
- The SET PHONE NUMBER command allows you to associate a phone number
- with a symbolic name for later use with the DIAL command. These
- definitions could be placed in your KERMIT.INI file, and then
- referenced later.
-
- Kermit-11>SET PHO NUM WORK 5374411
- Kermit-11>SET PHO NUM MARKET 16174671234
- Kermit-11>DIAL WORK
-
- The other two SET PHONE options, SET PHONE [TONE][PULSE] and SET PHONE
- BLIND are not useful unless the appropiate dial formatting string and
- character sequences for selecting PULSE or TONE, and BLIND dialing are
- present in the modem definition macros in K11DIA.MAC. The format
- effector for TONE/PULSE is %M and the effector for BLIND is %B.
- Currently (in 3.54) only the VA4224 has entries for these options.
-
- SET POS
-
- The SET POS command allows options SPECIFIC to P/OS to be altered.
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-27
- The SET COMMAND
-
-
- The most useful option is the SET POS [NO]DTE command. This allows
- Kermit-11 to use PRO/Communications version 2 for terminal emulation,
- if this product has been installed on the PRO/350. Of course, if this
- option is chosen, control is returned to the PRO with the EXIT key
- (F10) rather than with Control \C.
-
- Kermit-11>SET POS DTE
- Kermit-11>SET POS NODTE
-
- SET PROMPT
-
- The SET PROMPT command is useful if you are using two Kermit-11's to
- talk to each other. By using the SET PROMPT command, you can change
- the prompt from 'Kermit-11>' on either (or both) Kermit to something
- that would indicate which system you are currently connected to.
-
- Kermit-11>SET PROMPT KERMIT-11/1170>
- Kermit-11>SET PROMPT FUBAR>
- Kermit-11>SET PROMPT PROKERMIIT-11>
-
-
- SET RECEIVE
-
- Currently the SET RECEIVE and SET SEND basically work the same in that
- they only alter the END-OF-LINE character and the START-OF-PACKET
- value, as in:
-
- Kermit-11>SET REC START 2
- Kermit-11>SET REC END 12
-
- The command SET RECEIVE PACKET-LENGTH command is discussed below.
-
- SET RECEIVE END-OF-LINE
-
- This instructs Kermit-11 to expect something other than the default
- carriage return (octal 15) at the end of a packet. Kermit-11 will
- ignore packet terminators. The SET SEND END command is of more use in
- conditioning outgoing packets.
-
- SET RECEIVE START-OF-PACKET
-
- The normal Kermit packet prefix is Control-A (1); this command changes
- the prefix Kermit-11 expects on incoming packets. The only reasons
- this should ever be changed would be: Some piece of equipment
- somewhere between the two Kermit programs will not pass through a
- Control-A; or, some piece of of equipment similarly placed is echoing
- its input. In the latter case, the recipient of such an echo can
- change the packet prefix for outbound packets to be different from
- that of arriving packets so that the echoed packets will be ignored.
- The opposite Kermit must also be told to change the prefix for its
- inbound packets and the prefix it uses on outgoing packets.
-
- Kermit-11>SET REC START-OF-PACKET 2
-
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-28
- The SET COMMAND
-
-
- SET RECEIVE PACKET-LENGTH
-
- This command has two functions. The first, and normal one, is to
- reduce incoming packet lengths in the event that normal sized Kermit
- packets can not be passed through the communications circuit. There
- could be, perhaps, some 'black box' somewhere in the link that has a
- very small buffer size; this command could be used to reduce the size
- that the SENDING Kermit will use.
-
- The other use is to enable a new protocol extension to Kermit called
- 'LONG PACKETS'. The actual protocol is documented elsewhere, let's
- just say that this is a way for two Kermit's to use packet sizes far
- greater than the normal ('Classic') packet size if 90 characters or
- so. The main use of this feature is in file transfer over links that
- introduce considerable delay, it is not uncommon for packets to incur
- an one to two second delay. The net result is a VERY slow running
- Kermit with an effective speed of perhaps 300 to 600 baud rather than
- 1200 or 2400 baud. By making the packets longer, we raise the
- effective speed of such a circuit. The main restriction on the packet
- size chosen is the link, a given circuit may not pass 500 character
- packets. Also, BOTH Kermits must support this extension to the
- protocol, they will always negotiate it before any file transfer. See
- the notes at the end of this document for more information.
-
- Kermit-11>SET REC PAC 50
- Kermit-11>SET REC PAC 600
-
- It is HIGHLY recommended that you use the CRC block check, as the
- default type one checksum could be inadequate for such long packets,
- as in:
-
- Kermit-11>SET BLO 3
-
-
- SET RECORD-FORMAT
-
- Kermit will, by default, create RMS11 variable length implied carriage
- control records for text files. You can override this and change it
- to create stream ascii records with the SET RECORD-FORMAT STREAM
- command. This is useful for RSTS/E systems if you need file
- compatability with BASIC Plus.
-
- Kermit-11>SET RECORD-FORMAT STREAM
- Kermit-11>SET RECORD-FORMAT VARIABLE
-
- This command would be most useful in a KERMIT.INI file, which is
- executed by KERMIT when Kermit starts.
-
- SET RETRY
-
- SET RETRY value tells Kermit to try that many times on a NAK'ed packet
- before giving up. This should only be needed if the line is extremely
- noisy or the PDP-11 host is running very slowly due to the system
- load.
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-29
- The SET COMMAND
-
-
-
- Kermit-11>SET RETRY 10
-
-
- SET RSX
-
- The SET RSX command is intended to deal with the peculiarities often
- found with RSX systems. There are currently three SET RSX commands,
- as in:
-
- Kermit-11>SET RSX FASTIO Default for packet reading,
- waits for <CR>.
- Kermit-11>SET RSX CHARIO Read one char at a time for
- packet reading.
- Kermit-11>SET RSX TC.DLU n Alters the TC.DLU setting.
- Kermit-11>SET RSX CONNECT ALT Uses a new (v2.33) connect
- driver which bypasses TTDRV
- flow control.
- Kermit-11>SET RSX CONNECT DEF Use old connect code (2.32)
-
- The SET RSX command is subject to change and the above options may be
- removed in the future. Note the the SET RSX CHARIO may be needed when
- transfering files with parity enabled. This command alters the method
- by which a packet is read; instead of waiting for a carriage return,
- Kermit reads the typeahead byte count and then issues a read for that
- many characters. This is the same method Kermit-11 ALWAYS uses under
- P/OS.
-
- SET RT-11
-
- SET RT-11 CREATE-SIZE
-
- The SET RT-11 CREATE value command was added to assist those RT-11
- users with very small disks to be able to get files with sizes greater
- that half of the available contiguous space available. While this is
- NOT a problem going from one Kermit-11 to another Kermit-11 since the
- PDP-11 Kermit supports a subset of the protocol known as 'ATTRIBUTES',
- other Kermits may not support the exchange of file sizes (most do
- not). Thus if your largest contiguous space is 300 blocks and you
- want to get a 250 block file, the command:
-
- Kermit-11>SET RT-11 CRE 250
-
- would be needed, as RT-11 by default only allocates 50 percent of the
- available space.
-
- SET RT-11 FLOW-CONTROL
-
- Note that for the connect command under RT-11 you will most likely
- need xon/off flow control to be generated by Kermit-11. This is
- enabled with the SET RT-11 FLOW command. This is by default NOFLOW
- since the modem the author uses, a Vadic 212PA, can't handle XONs and
- XOFFs while in command mode. The solution here is to escape back to
- Kermit command mode after the remote system has been logged into, and
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-30
- The SET COMMAND
-
-
- then type SET RT-11 FLOW.
- The effect of SET RT-11 FLOW is for Kermit-11, when in connect mode,
- to send an XOFF to the host every eight characters. When the loop in
- the connect module finds no more data in the input buffer, it sends up
- to 2 XON characters (in case the first XON got lost) to tell the
- remote system to start sending again. The reason for doing so is that
- the RT-11 multiple terminal service is very slow about handling input
- interrupts and does not do any of it's own flow control when it's
- internal ring buffer gets full. This has been tested at line speeds
- up to 4800 baud without losing data. This setting should not be
- needed for use with the XC/XL handlers.
- SET RT-11 FLOW has NO effect on packet transmission, since the Kermit
- packet size is never mode than 96 characters, and the RT-11 input
- buffer is 134 characters in size.
-
- Kermit-11>SET RT-11 FLOW
- Kermit-11>SET RT-11 NOFLOW
-
- The SET RT-11 [NO]FLOW command replaces the older SET RTFLOW
- [ON][OFF].
-
- SET RT-11 VOLUME-VERIFY
-
- Normally RT-11 Kermit-11 will check the directory header of a disk to
- verify that it most likely contains a valid RT-11 file structure
- before trying to read the directory. If for some reason your disk
- does not contain the standard data at offset 760 in the header,
- Kermit-11 will reject the disk. The SET RT-11 NOVOL command will
- instruct Kermit-11 to bypass that check.
-
- Kermit-11>SET RT-11 VOL
- Kermit-11>SET RT-11 NOVOL
-
-
- SET SEND
-
- The SET SEND command controls what Kermit-11 will be doing for
- outgoing packets in that you may want to alter the packet terminator
- and/or the start of packet character (by default, 15 octal and 1 octal
- respectively. See HELP SET RECEIVE for more information.
-
- The only extra option for SET SEND is SET SEND [NO]XON. If the
- command SET SEND XON is give, then every packet sent will be prefixed
- with an XON character. This could be useful in situations where flow
- control is erratic. The actual intent of this option was to try to
- circumvent a firmware bug in the DHV11 when used under RSTS/E.
-
- SET SPEED
-
- SET SPEED value sets the line speed for the device specified via the
- SET LINE command, and used for the CONNECT command. Changing the
- speed of a terminal line requires privilege for RSTS and RSX-11M/M+.
- The SET SPEED command will only function with a DH11, DHV11, DZ11 or
- DZV11 multiline interface.
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-31
- The SET COMMAND
-
-
-
- Kermit-11>SET SPEED 1200
-
- 1200 Baud would be a normal speed to use with a VA212PA or a DF03.
-
- Please note that Kermit-11 CAN NOT change the speed of a DL11 type
- interface, nor can it change the speed of a PDT-150 modem port. For a
- PDT-150 modem port, use a command of /M/S:nnnn. to change the speed
- to nnnn for the SPEED.SAV program.
-
- SET TIMEOUT
-
- The timeout value tells Kermit how long to wait to get a packet from
- the other Kermit. If system loads are high, it may be desirable to
- increase this beyond the default of 10 seconds.
-
- SET TERMINAL
-
- The SET TERMINAL command simply controls the way which Kermit-11
- prints packet counts while send or receiving a file (or group of
- files). The simplest way is the default, SET TER TTY. Using SET TER
- VT100 will cause Kermit to display headers for the numbers printed, at
- a possible cost in packet speed due to screen control overhead. On
- the PRO/350, VT100 is assumed. On RSTS/E v9.0 and later, the
- executive is queried for the terminal type.
-
- Kermit-11>SET TER TTY
- Kermit-11>SET TER VT100
-
-
- SET UPDATE
-
- The SET UPDATE command controls the frequency at which the packet
- count display is updated. The default is 1, displaying each packet.
- A SET UPD 0 will disable all packet count logs, whereas a SET UPD N
- will update the display every N packets. The SET NOUPDATE command is
- the same as SET UPDATE 0.
-
-
- The DIAL command
-
-
- The DIAL command is new for version 3.29 of Kermit-11. The DIAL
- command is used to dial a number on an attached modem of known type
- (see SET MODEM). To find out the current known modems, use the SET
- MODEM ? command. The following example shows a RACAL-VADIC VA212
- modem connect to the XK: port on a PRO/350 running P/OS version 2.
-
- Kermit-11>set pro PRO>
- PRO>set modem va212pa
- PRO>dial 5374401
- Modem in command modem
- Modem dialing
- Connection failed, !BUSY
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-32
- The DIAL command
-
-
- PRO>dial 5374411
- Modem in command modem
- Modem dialing
- Connection made, type CONNECT to access remote
- PRO>con
- Enter class ? VX785A
- Class start
- Username: BRIAN
- Password: ......................
-
- See SET MODEM for more information.
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-33
- Notes regarding options for the System Manager
-
-
- Odds and ends
-
- There are a few odds and ends that should be made aware to the system
- manager of any PDP-11 system regarding Kermit-11. They are as
- follows, grouped by operating system. Please note that installation
- instructions are in K11INS.DOC and that additional information may be
- in Kermit-11's online help command.
-
-
- RESTRICTIONS
-
- Prior to version 2.21, Kermit-11 did not support 8-bit prefixing.
- Prior to version 2.23, Kermit-11 did not support repeat character
- encoding.
- The PRO/RT-11 version of Kermit-11 will request 8-bit prefixing due
- to the fact that the XC handler does not support 8BIT data. For most
- Kermits this should not be a problem. The XC handler always strips
- bit 7 from the character being sent, so the PRO/RT-11 version of
- Kermit will request prefixing of such. It does so internally by
- setting PARITY to SPACE (always clear the high bit, bit seven).
- Note that this implies that a SET PARITY SPACE command will force
- Kermit-11 to request '8bit' prefixing in order to transfer binary
- files across a seven bit link.
-
- P/OS
-
- Kermit-11 will run on under P/OS on the Pro/350, the executable file
- is called K11POS.TSK. It does NOT run from a menu, the normal way to
- run it is via the RUN command in DCL. It will support the Kermit-11
- attribute packets, thus a PRO/350 connected to a PDP-11 host can
- transparently handle binary and other types of files. The P/OS
- Kermit-11 can be run either as a local Kermit or a Kermit server.
- This has been tested under P/OS version 2 connected to both a
- PDP-11/23+ and PDP-11/70 RSTS/E host.
-
- When Kermit-11 is started on the PRO, it will automatically do a SET
- LINE XK0: and a SET SPEED 9600. You can, of course, change the speed
- to whatever you need with the SET SPEED command. The line should be
- left as XK0:.
-
- The top row function keys are mapped internally. Kermit-11 maps F5
- (break) into a true break (a space of 275 ms), F6 (interrupt) to
- control C, F10 to control Z, F11 to escape (octal 33) and F12 to
- backspace (octal 10). The incoming escape sequence DECID is
- intercepted to allow Kermit-11 to send back a device response of
- VT100.
-
- RSTS
-
- Kermit-11 runs on version 7.2 or later of RSTS/E. Due to options
- present in version 8, binary file transfers will not be possible under
- version 7.2 of RSTS/E. This is due to the use of 8 bit mode for the
- terminal link to allow all characters to be passed. The so called
- '8BIT' terminal setting was new as of version 8.0-06 of RSTS/E.
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-34
- Notes regarding options for the System Manager
-
-
- Any RSTS/E system running Kermit-11 will need the sysgen option for
- multiple private delimiters in the terminal driver. This special mode
- is needed since the 'normal' RSTS/E binary terminal mode has a
- 'feature' that disables binary mode whenever the terminal times out on
- a read. Since timeouts are essential to Kermit error recovery, binary
- mode can not be used for i/o.
-
- Certain functions of Kermit-11 require that the system manager
- install Kermit with temporary privileges, these commands are the
- SYSTEM, WHO and REMOTE HOST commands. Kermit-11 does NOT need these
- to operate correctly.
-
- Kermit-11 can only be built (from source, not from HEX files) under
- RSTS/E version 8.0 or later due to the use of RMS11 v2.0 and new
- assembler directives.
-
- Support for the server remote login is only available under RSTS/E
- 9.0 or later. Also, a REMOTE LOGIN command to a RSTS/E server will
- fail unless the user has the WACNT privilege. While the LOGIN program
- will skip the password lookup if WACNT is present, Kermit will require
- a password.
-
- RSX-11M/M+
-
- Kermit-11 can not be installed non-checkpointable due to an apparent
- RMS11 bug. In other words, don't try to install the task '/CKP=NO'.
-
- To use the connect command effectively, typeahead support is needed
- in the terminal driver. For RSX-11M+, set the typeahead buffer size
- high, as in SET /TYPEAHEAD=TT22:200. Also, if your connect line is
- TT22: (as above), use the mcr command SET/SLAVE=TT22:
-
- Kermit-11 can only be built under RSX-11M version 4.1 or later, or
- under RSX-11M Plus version 2.1 or later due to the use of RMS11 v2.0
- and new assembler directives.
-
- There is a SET RSX command, see HELP SET RSX for further information.
-
- As a side issue, please note that the file K11POS.TSK is quite usable
- under RSX, the difference being that K11RSX.TSK has DECNET support and
- RMS-11 overlayed in the task image (besides which, due to the lack
- author's systems running RSX may not be up to date) linked into it,
- whereas K11POS has NO Decnet support but IS linked to the RMS11
- library RMSRES (v2), thus K11POS saves disk space as well as
- supporting named directories, ala VMS style.
-
- RT-11
-
- Kermit-11, as of version 2.20, has been tested under RT-11 version
- 5.0 under the FB and XM monitors using a DZ11 line for the link, and
- also on a PDT-150 using the modem port for the link. It has
- additionally been run under Micro-11's and the PRO/350 using the XL
- and XC handlers respectively.
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-35
- Notes regarding options for the System Manager
-
-
- Kermit-11 requires .TWAIT support as well as multiple terminal
- support (unless the XL/XC handler is used). The use of multiple
- terminal support allows Kermit-11 to use any type of interface
- sysgened, including the DZ11 and DZV11. It is possible under version
- 5 of RT-11 to use the XL: handler instead of the multiple terminal
- support. The use of the XL: driver will result in much faster file
- transfer at high baud rates. Note that XL: must be set up at system
- startup or at some time later to set the proper speed, CSR and vector.
-
- For those users who do not have multiple terminal support and do not
- have the XL handler, Kermit-11 will force the use of the console for
- data transfers. This will require that Kermit-11 request eight bit
- prefixing from any other Kermit wishing to send binary data files.
- Additionally, you can force console mode by doing a SET LINE TT:
-
- Please note that the device name syntax for terminal lines follows the
- MT unit numbers, thus if a SHO TER gave unit 5 for DZ11 line 0 the the
- device name would be:
-
- Kermit-11>SET LINE 5
-
- If you use the XL handler, you would do this:
-
- Kermit-11>SET LINE XL:
-
- To force the console to be used, you would:
-
- Kermit-11>SET LINE TT:
-
- Additionally, Kermit-11 for RT-11 looks for its help file, K11HLP.HLP,
- on DK: first and then on SY: if the first one fails.
-
- Full wildcarding is supported for RT-11, in the form *.type, name.*,
- *.* and the % character to match any single character.
-
- Kermit-11 can only be built on RT-11 version 5.0 or later due to the
- use of new assembler directives.
-
- Please note that for the connect command under RT-11 and the use of
- the MT service, you will most likely need xon/off flow control to be
- generated by Kermit-11. This is enabled with the SET RTFLOW ON
- command. This is by default OFF since the modem the author uses, a
- Vadic 212P, can't handle XONs and XOFFs while in command mode. The
- solution here is to escape back to Kermit command mode after the
- remote system has been logged into, and then type SET RTFLOW ON.
-
- Due to overlaying constraints, the RT-11 Kermit-11 will not accept
- wildcards for the RENAME and DELETE commands and the REMOTE server
- equivalents.
-
- The executable files are K11XM.SAV for the XM system and PRO/350, and
- K11RT4 for the FB system.
-
- As a final (I hope) RT-11 note, see the RT-11 v5.1 Release Notes page
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-36
- Notes regarding options for the System Manager
-
-
- 9-2 and chapter 12. The discussion relevant here regards the use of
- the XL/XC handlers.
- Note that the default XL: handler vector (DL-11, DLV-11) is 300 and
- the CSR is 176500. For the Micro-11, PDP-11 and LSI-11, when the
- DL11/DLV11 interface is installed the field service representative
- will inform you what the CSR and VECTOR are. If they are NOT 176500
- and 300, then to use the XL: handler you will need, prior to running
- Kermit-11, to set them. Suppose the DL vector is 400 and the CSR is
- 176510. Then the following DCL commands would set the addresses for
- RT-11.
-
- .SET XL CSR=176510
- .SET XL VECTOR=400
-
- You SHOULD NOT ever alter these settings for XC: on the PRO/3xx.
- The ONLY settings you can alter for the PRO/3xx is the speed, as in
- DCL command SET XC SPEED=nnnn. Kermit-11 CAN NOT alter the XC: speed
- itself. As noted previously in this document, Kermit-11 executes the
- Kermit-11 command SET LIN XC: implicitly if it finds itself running
- on a PRO/3xx system.
-
- Note that if your modem requires DTR to be present, you must use
- either an interface that asserts it (as does the PDT and PRO
- communications port), force it high internally to the modem, or build
- a cable to force it high. See HELP MODEM for more information.
-
- TSX+
-
- While most of the above notes for RT-11 apply for TSX+, there are a
- few differences of note. The first, in that TSX+ is a timesharing
- system, allows the Kermit user to log in normally from another system
- running Kermit (as in a Rainbow) and give the TSX+ Kermit the SERVER
- command and commence file transfer operations from the other system
- (ie, the Rainbow). If you are dialing INTO a TSX+ system, you need to
- give the TSX command:
-
- .SET TT 8BIT
-
- to be able to transfer data to your local (PC, other PDP-11,...)
- system without incurring the overhead of the Kermit protocol known as
- eight bit prefixing. If this is not possible, due to your local
- system requiring parity, or some other intervening device adds parity,
- then you should give Kermit the command:
-
- Kermit-11>SET PARITY SPACE
-
- to let Kermit know that it can't send binary data as-is.
-
- To use Kermit-11 to dial out from the TSX+ system, the following
- commands are needed. Note that TSX+ commands will be preceeded by the
- normal RT-11 prompt, the ever present DOT ('.'), whereas Kermit-11
- commands will be prefixed by the default Kermit-11 prompt,
- 'Kermit-11>'.
-
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-37
- Notes regarding options for the System Manager
-
-
- .SET CL LINE=n Where 'n' is the unit number
- .SET CL NOLFOUT
- .SET CL SPEED=n Where 'n' is the speed for that unit
- .ASS CL XL
- Kermit-11>SET LIN XL:
- Kermit-11>CONNECT
-
- As of Kermit-11 version 3.44, you may use CL directly in the SET LINE
- command, as in:
-
- .SET CL3 LINE=3
- .R K11XM
- Kermit-11>SET LIN CL3
- Kermit-11>SET SPEED 1200
- Kermit-11>CONNECT
-
- A sample command file in actual use is:
-
- SET CL3 LINE=3
- SET CL3 NOLFOUT
- SET CL3 TAB
- SET CL3 FORM
- SET CL3 SPEED=2400
- ALLOCATE CL3:
- R K11XM
- DEALLOC CL3
- SET CL3 LFOUT
- SET CL3 LINE=0
- SH CL
-
- If you are running PRO/TSX+, then Kermit will make the assignment of
- LINE 3 to either CL0 or CL1 if you are running Kermit from the
- console, ie, LINE 1. The speed will default to the last SET SPEED or
- the speed set at system boot.
-
- Lastly, TSX+ needs PLAS support to use K11XM.SAV, see the installation
- notes for further data.
-
-
- Notes regarding modems
-
-
- RSTS/E version 9.x
-
- RSTS/E does not control modems signals in the manner that RSX or VMS
- does. VMS always asserts DTR whereas RSTS/E will not assert DTR until
- the terminal driver can see RCD (also known as DCD) which is pin 8
- (eight) for the RS232 connection. To connect directly to a modem
- (like a VADIC 212, sorry, no DEC modems here) we must do one of two
- things:
-
- (1) Force the modem (via strapping options or whatever) to assert RCD
- (DCD) pin 8, thus RSTS/E will see carrier and raise DTR (pin 20 for
- RS232)
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-38
- MODEMS
-
-
- (2) Set the terminal to LOCAL (RSTS/E V9 syntax 'SET TER
- TTxx:/NODIAL/PERM') and break pin 20 (DTR) and connect pin 20 to 8 on
- the modem side. This will cause the modem to be able to dial out and
- allow RSTS/E to connect to it. You will also need to have the modem
- assert RCD, pin 8. Keep in mind that the Kermit-11 command DISCONNECT
- (or HANGUP) will not function if a line is set to NODIAL (INIT SET
- syntax 'LOCAL'). This has been tested on a Racal Vadic VA212.
-
- (3) Break pin 8 (RCD) and loop DTR (pin 20) on the CPU side to RCD
- (pin 8) on the CPU side. Then use the command SET DTR in Kermit-11 to
- get RSTS to raise DTR and thus loop it's DTR signal back to RCD. See
- the next note regarding this.
-
-
- For those of you who have port switches such as the Gandalf type,
- there is one additional problem.
- For Gandalf, suppose you want to connect a DZ11 line to to an AMTB2.
- You will have a problem, in that the Gandalf AMTB2 wants to see RCD
- (DCD) asserted to make a connection. What you may need to do is this:
-
- Make a cable for the DZ11 to AMTB2 port as follows:
-
- CPU side AMTB2 side
- 20--|
- 8---|-----------8
- 7---------------7
- 3---------------2
- 2---------------3
-
- Note that 20 is tied to 8 on the CPU side.
- Also, 2 is swapped for 3.
-
- Then, the Kermit-11 command SET DTR, which forces RSTS to raise DTR
- for 30 seconds, will cause the DTR signal to loop back to the RCD
- (DCD) signal and thus tell RSTS that there is carrier detect which
- will raise DTR (the chicken or egg question) and get things rolling.
- The Kermit-11 HANGUP (or DISCONNECT) command will drop DTR and force
- the modem to break the connection.
-
-
- RSX and Modems
-
- While the authors experience on RSX is limited, the following notes
- may be of use.
- Dialing out on a LOCAL line will often require that the modem assert
- internally DTR.
- If a line is set REMOTE on RSX, the driver will assert DTR and RTS.
- For a modem, like a VA212PAR strapped at the factory defaults, this
- will cause the modem to assert DSR and RCD. On the VADIC in
- particular, the modem will drop RCD during a DIAL command unless the
- modem is configured to assert RCD continuously. For dialing out,
- ideally the modem should be able to assert RCD via an option or
- internally settable strap or switch. If this is not possible, an
- alternative is to break line 8 (RCD) and jumper DTR (20) to RCD (8) on
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-39
- MODEMS
-
-
- the CPU side. This will force RSX to always see carrier detect and
- allow a dial sequence to complete. The Kermit-11 command DISCONNECT
- (or HANGUP) will still disconnect the modem as the modem will drop
- from the line when it sees DTR go low (assuming the modem is not
- strapped to assert DTR internally).
-
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-40
- Typical Kermit-11 transfer rates
-
-
- Some sample timings for Kermit-11 and long packet support. The packet
- size in the RSTS/E to P/OS was 500 bytes, the size from RSTS/E to
- RSTS/E was 700 bytes. These sizes are somewhat arbitrary, they depend
- more on the system's buffering capabilities than anything else.
-
- Host buffering capabilities:
-
- P/OS 500 (estimated)
- RSTS/E 9.0 or later up to 7000, given sufficient system pool
- RSX-11M+ 255 (I/D space CPU only)
- RSX-11M 34
- RT-11 134 (could be larger with mod to XC/XL)
-
- As it can be seen, large packets make sense only for RSTS/E, P/OS and
- RSX-11M+ if one wishes to avoid XON/XOFF overhead at high speeds. It
- should be possible to run larger packets on M+ and RT-11 at lower
- speeds.
-
- File transferred: K11POS.TSK, size 102,400 bytes (200 disk blocks)
- Actual data packet characters AFTER prefixing was 120,857
-
- Time Speed Data rate Comments
- seconds baud
-
-
- 1436 1200 84/sec 11/44 to PRO/350, 'Classic' Kermit
- local phone call
- 1237 1200 97/sec 11/44 to PRO/350, 500 Char packets
- local phone call
-
- 2915 1200 41/sen 11/44 to PRO/350, 'Classic' Kermit
- local call, 1 second ACK delay.
- 1492 1200 81/sec 11/44 to PRO/350, 500 Char packets
- local call, 1 second ACK delay.
-
- 304 9600 397/sec 11/44 to 11/44, 'Classic' Kermit,
- connected locally via Gandalf switch.
- 245 9600 493/sec 11/44 to 11/44, 700 char packets,
- connected locally via Gandalf switch.
-
- The last two timings are much lower than the line speed due to the
- fact the the PDP 11/44 is running 100% busy trying to keep up with
- character interrupts using a normal terminal driver. A special
- purpose driver, such as the XK driver found on P/OS, would have lower
- overhead and allow somewhat faster data rates.
-
- Long packets were chosen for Kermit-11 due to the lack of suitable
- interrupt driven i/o (at this time) under one of the operating
- systems, RSTS/E. The Sliding Windows would likely function better in
- those situations where the circuit delay is much higher, or when the
- circuit can not accommodate large packet sizes.
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page 1-41
- Common problems
-
-
- Common problems in file transfer
-
-
- Connection fails.
-
- Check modem control signals. RSX needs TC.DLU set to two to talk to a
- dial out modem, otherwise you will need to strap or jumper signals in
- the modem to have carrier detect set high. RSTS/E also should have
- the modem assert carrier detect. If not, see the previous notes about
- modems. If all else fails, put a breakout box in the line and observe
- what signals are present.
-
- File transfer fails.
-
- If the file transfer aborts on retries immediately, there may be a
- parity problem. If the problem shows up on binary files, try a SET
- PAR SPACE command to Kermit; that will force eight bit data to be
- prefixed into seven bits. If you instead get a retry about once every
- 10 seconds, the other Kermit is not responding and your Kermit is
- timing out. Check to see if your connection is still present, and try
- the SET PARITY command.
- If you are sending binary data between unlike Kermits, you will most
- likely have to give the proper command to each to prepare them for the
- binary data; this is the SET FILE command; for Kermit-11 it's SET FIL
- BIN (or SET FIL TYP FIX); for VMS Kermit it's SET FIL TYP FIX.
- If your Kermit's packets are being echoed back, try a SET SEND START
- value command for your Kermit, and a SET REC START samevalue for the
- other Kermit. This will force Kermit to ignore any echoed packets as
- they won't have the default start of packet character (a CONTROL A,
- octal 1).
-
-
- PDP-11 KERMIT Page Index-1
- Index
-
-
- INDEX
-
-
-
- Bye, 1-11 Modems and rsx, 1-38
-
- Commands for file transfer, 1-9 Notes regarding options for the
- Commands for local file system manager, 1-33
- management, 1-13
- Commands for servers, 1-11 Program operation, 1-6
- Common problems, 1-40
- Connect command, 1-13 Remote, 1-12
-
- File formats (binary and text), Saving files on the pdp-11 from
- 1-4 your microcomputer, 1-5
- File specifications., 1-3 Server operation, 1-11
- File systems on the pdp-11, 1-3 Set command, 1-15
- Finish, 1-11
-
- Kermit-11 commands, 1-8 The dial command, 1-31
- The get command, 1-10
- Local and remote operation, 1-7 The receive command, 1-10
- The send command, 1-9
- Modems, 1-37 Typical kermit-11 transfer rates,
- Modems and rsts/e, 1-37 1-40
-